Henry Ford Was Born On July 30, 1863 And Died On April 7, 1947. Henry

Henry Ford was conceived on July 30, 1863 and kicked the bucket on April 7, 1947. Henry Ford was the child of William Ford, who had emigrated from Ireland in 1847 and chose a homestead in Dearborn, Michigan. Henry detested ranch life and had a characteristic inclination for apparatus. At the point when he was 15 he went to Detroit and prepared as a mechanical engineer. Henry Ford started to explore different avenues regarding a horseless carriage in 1890 and finished his first vehicle, the quadricycle, in around 1896. During the next years he attempted fruitlessly to get it into creation. In 1903 he propelled the Ford Motor Company with a capital of $100,000 of which $28,000 was in real money. When he had figured his optimal of creation: The best approach to make autos is to make one car like another vehicle, to make them all similar. He made terrific progress with the Model T Ford, presented in 1809 and in the end created in 1903 on the moving sequential construction system. Henry Ford was a significant figure on the planet's car industry for the following 15 years. His creation techniques were seriously contemplated and he likewise alarmed the world establishing (1914) the then high pay size of $5 every day. Passage along these lines turned into a figure of legend, the local virtuoso that could work supernatural occurrences. He had impressive mechanical capacity yet his decisions were reached instinctively instead of coherently. He ran as a Democratic contender for the U.S. Senate in 1918 and was barely crushed. In 1936 he and his child Edsel set up the Ford Foundation, to which they handed down a great part of the organization's stock. Henry Ford turned into his very own casualty achievement in that he clung to the Model T excessively long, declining to perceive that its fame was blurring, and thusly lost ahead of everyone else in the vehicle business to General Motors in 1926. He had turned the administration of the Ford Motor Company over to Edsel in 1919 however never gave Edsel viable power. Edsel battled vainly against this circumstance, and the dissatisfactions of his position without a doubt added to his demise at 50 years old. Edsel's most seasoned child was discharged from the naval force and made an official VP. In contrast to his dad, who had not been permitted to set off for college, Henry II went to Yale University. Henry Ford II selected ability from outside the organization and affected a general revamping. The organization made sure about firm control of second spot in the American car industry. During the 1960s it ventured into hardware and astronautics by buying the Philco Corporation, and Henry Ford II was viewed as a mechanical legislator. He resigned from his top organization posts in 1979 and 1980.

International Marketing Strategy Essays

Universal Marketing Strategy Essays Universal Marketing Strategy Essay Universal Marketing Strategy Essay BA (Hons) Marketing †third year Mathieu Chomarat: 06110827Portobello College Year 2006-2007 International Marketing Strategy Assignment 2: Ikea Case Study Lecturer: Carmel GernonRoom: F6 Table of Contents A Brief Introduction to the essay:1 Macro-condition of Ikea in Brazil:1 Politic and legitimate environment:1 Economical environment:2 Social environment:3 Technological environment:4 Environmental factors:4 Market procedure entries:4 Wholly possessed stores:4 Joint venture:5 Strategy suggested: franchising6 Success factors in Brazil7 Skill to draw in new customers7 Be ready to sell great quality items at a low price7 Adapt the involvement with the retailing to another market8 Understand the reasons that make Ingvar Kamprad hesitant to enter another market:8 Bibligraphy9 Appendix 1: Brazil maps10 Appendix 2: Diary11 Number of words: 3,324 A Brief Introduction to the paper: With 237 stores the world over and a turnover of â‚ ¬ 17. 6 billion, the Swedish organization Ikea is the world head in home furnishings[ Ikea’s Fact and Figures 2006, from Ikea’s site at http://franchisor. ikea. om/] on account of a DIY idea that empowers them to sell very much planned great quality items at low costs. The Ikea Group intends to advance their universal venture into the South American Market. Brazil is the biggest nation in South America and fifth biggest nation on the planet after Russian, Canada, China and USA. It evidently speaks to the most appealing nation to target. The accompanying examination means to fea ture dangers and openings with respect to the Brazilian market, just as giving arrangements and suggestions to a fruitful implantation around there. Full scale condition of Ikea in Brazil: Politic and lawful condition: Even if the political strength in South America isn’t as secure as nations from the European Union for instance, the circumstance remains very consistent as the previous president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva won a second term in an avalanche triumph toward the finish of October 2006. Silva who used to show solid liberal talk before acquiescing to control in 2002, is more observed by spectators as a moderate with a traditionalist monetary arrangement in his first term[ â€Å"Brazil’s president wins avalanche victory†, Associated Press, 29th of October 2006]. As he is viewed as more moderate than other South American liberal pioneers like Venezuela’s Hugo Chavez and Bolivia’s Evo Morales, his re-appointment is very greeting for large organizations ready to enter the Brazilian market, for example, Ikea. Hence, the nation doesn’t appear to introduce a major political hazard, as the president vowed to help development to arrive at the positions of created countries. Truth be told, the credit insurance agency Durcroire had practical experience in worldwide exchanges surveys a danger of two dependent on a seven levels scale, giving the nation a relative poor political risk[ ducroiredelcredere. e, data from the 02/11/2006]. The legislature is additionally very dynamic for helping its populace to have better ways of life. Various projects, for example, the â€Å"Programa Carta de Credito Individual e Associativa†, â€Å"Habitar Brasil-BID (HBB)†, or the â€Å"Programa de Subsidio a Habitacao de Interesse Socia l (PSH)† help individuals to secure legitimate homes, by giving awards and credits to individuals who are the most in the need. It along these lines causes them to leave their ghettos. Such projects can be viewed as a chance, since, while moving into new houses, individuals are bound to be happy to obtain furniture too. Other social projects are productive for the populace and for Ikea too. For instance, the â€Å"Credito Solidario†, helping destitute individuals to send their youngsters to class prompts an expansion in the quantity of instructed individuals who can be viewed as the objective of Ikea. For example, they can peruse the promotions, comprehend Ikea’s purchasing procedure, and manufacture their own furniture with composed clarifications for instructions[ bresil. organization/file. php? option=com_contenttask=viewid=663Itemid=51cataff=116cataffb=116]. Moreover, the legislature is happy to make the nation progressively liberal. In this purpose, Brazil is a piece of the Common Market of the South, Mercosur which has established Common External Tariffs (CET) for Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, concerning a developing number of items. In the geographic region of Mercosur, the taxes are likewise disposed of, and elements of creation (work or capital for instance) can move uninhibitedly. These CET apply for gear products at rates included somewhere in the range of 0% and 14%[ septimanie-trade. com/fr/fiches-pays/bresil/acces-au-marche] (numbers given for the levies applied on the CIF[ Cost Insurance Freight] cost of merchandise). This is a major open door for Ikea, on the grounds that marked down duties would diminish costs on their imports to Brazil in the event that they set up at least one outlets there. There doesn’t appear to have an uncommon law constraining the size for large stores, which very goes in the correct route for Ikea. Prudent condition: With developing markets catching investors’ eye, many are turning their concentration towards South American markets. Solid fares, high item costs and expanded ventures have been contributing components to development inside a significant number of the Latin American markets[ Ann-Marie Fleming, nineteenth of Jan 2007, seekingalpha. om, securities exchange assessments and examination website]. The complete Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Brazil for the second from last quarter of 2006 was about Real 542 billion ($ 253. 5 billion), which speaks to an expansion of 6. 55% contrasted with the past quarter[ SDDS, from the International Monetary Fund, January 2007]. Whenever taken on a for every capita premise, Brazil is positioned in 68th situation out of 181 nations with income of $ 8,561 per year, giving the populace a normal buying power[ International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database for the year 2005, September 2006]. Along these lines, the economy appears to be more than fitting to the passageway of Ikea, particularly since the worldwide imports in the nation have encountered a development of 16. 27% during the second from last quarter of 2006, arriving at Real 72 billion ($ 33. 7 billion), which could be productive for the importation of furniture. Brazil has in reality all around recouped from the 1999’s crisis[ SDDS, from the International Monetary Fund, January 2007]. Be that as it may, the development of the economy of Brazil, contrasted from one year with another shows numbers very littler, as it developed roughly from 2. 3% in 2005 and 4. 9% in 2004[ state. gov/r/dad/ei/bgn/35640. htm#econ]. With respect to explicitly the furniture advertise, numbers show that in the earlier years, Brazilian imports diminished from $ 111 million out of 2000 to $ 96 of every 2001 (- 3%), which doesn’t appear to be very appealing for Ikea, thinking about its worldwide system of having one just provider for every item. The imports of furniture are commanded by the United States with 39%, trailed by Germany with 36% and Italy with 10%[ ABIMOVEL, Brazilian Association of Furniture Manufacturer, numbers from the case study]. The market of furniture in Brazil can be separated in three fundamental fragments: private (60%), office (25%) and institutional associations (15%). Investigation show that this keep going section is on the development and imports should increment extensively for the following 3 or 4 years, primarily imports from the United States. That could be fascinating if Ikea would support the institutional fragment, and on the off chance that they would have providers situated in the United States. The market is additionally controlled by high financing costs (18. 3% every year in 2001) which keep individuals from requesting bank advances, and in this way keep up their buying influence at lower levels than if they could acquire cash simpler. It at that point badly affects house buying and in arrangement, brings down the purchasing of house goods as well. An efficient hazard in regards to the imports of furniture is carried with Brazilian high government obligation staying at 51% of the GDP, in spit of a relative decrease in 2004. This obligation could prompt the solidifying of import charges and other item burdens or even money devaluation which could be appalling for Ikea and its low costs procedure dependent on high volume deals. A potential answer for focus on a market which spoke to roughly $ 3. 6 billion out of 2000 could be to utilize one of the 13,500 Brazilian furniture makers. The issue there is that the vast majority of these organizations are little, family claimed organizations not really adjusted for large scale manufacturing at a global scale. The focal points to have plan of action in neighborhood creation are that: The normal compensation for November 2006 is of Real 1 139. 8: $ 533. 2; The creation of particleboard which is utilized for 80% by the furniture business has expanded from 13% per year from 1990 to 1998, arriving at 1. 3 million m3. Social condition: Brazil establishes from the outset sight a mind boggling opportunity. On one hand, it speaks to a developing populace of 186 million individuals. Then again, it is additionally a market which can be contrasted with European ones: the populace is fundamentally Roman Catholic (74%), the greater part of the populace communicates in Portuguese, 86% of the Brazilian grown-ups are educated and the workforce is of 90. 4 million individuals with just 8. 4% unemployed[ Information from the USA government, state. gov/r/dad/ei/bgn/35640. htm#econ, 2005]. Be that as it may, as a large portion of the creating nations, polarization is a huge issue in the Brazilian culture. There are immense salary holes between the rich individuals and the destitute individuals. The 10% most extravagant individuals procure half of the absolutely pay and the 10% least fortunate individuals just get under 1%. Socia

Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis Essay

Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis - Essay Example Fundamentally, an assortment of devout conventions have added to the development of the strict life inside the Catholic Church. The guideline of devotion was predominantly completed by the different strict standards, for example, the Rule of St Basil and the Rule of St Benedict in the early times of asceticism and these principles were carefully seen by the priests. In any case, the Church laws of various categories started to manage devotion in the later periods and there was an extraordinary change in the mentality towards these strict standards. The determinations from the Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis as given in the reading material give a significant outline of the devout conventions of various periods in the Church history. Regardless of their evident contrasts, both of these writings bode well with regards to the ascetic customs of the various periods. A relative examination of these two writings clarifies how asceticism fits into the Christian custom by and large and these writings give the best exhibitions of the strict principles of various religious conventions. In an examination of the choice from the Rule of St. Benedict, one comes to perceive the case of the ascetic custom of the beginning periods of devotion.

Memo Addressing The Characteristics Of Sucessful Interviews - 275 Words

Memo Addressing The Characteristics Of Sucessful Interviews (Coursework Sample) Content: Tech Comm MEMOto:Tech Comm studentsfrom:xxxxyyyyzzzsubject:CHARACTERISTICS PRESENT IN WINNING INTERVIEWSDATE:January 31, 2018With this memo, I will present the characteristics of successful interviews based on my experiences attending a couple of sessions as an interviewee in the recent past. The employment interviews came around the same time and in this memo, I will summarize what I learnt from several different sessions. * Firstly, the primary characteristic that makes an interview a success is engagement and attentiveness from you and the panel. I had the sad experience of watching some panel members in two of my interviews looking absent-minded and asking unrelated questions. * Secondly, as an interviewee you must be honest with your interviewers about what you can and cannot do. In the job I eventually got, the panelists said my honesty about my limitations was a sign of integrity and would help the company train me once hired. * Lastly, a good interview is orde rly. As a job hunter, you must show up well prepared with all the requirements indicated in the job advert. I hope that you will meet organized interviewers who are also prepared, with distinct question roles and a deep familiarity with your rsum.

The 9 Best Apps to Learn Spanish in 2019

Importance Of Cell Phones In The Classroom - 1719 Words

The idea of cell phones in the classroom is an immensely debated topic. Researchers and professors have done research and conducted experiments to decide if having technology in the classroom is beneficial or simply a distraction. Many school’s policies on the use of technology vary depending on the type of education system. The statistics given based on whether cell phone use is permitted at school is oftentimes used to support one side of the argument. People tend to lean towards a specific side of the argument based on the evidence given. Ramesh Sharma’s â€Å"Cell phones in the classroom† supports the idea of cell phones in the classroom while Sylvia McDonald’s â€Å"The effects and predictor value of in-class texting behavior on final course†¦show more content†¦McDonald uses a credible institution as a base for her research. McDonald does not completely disagree with the use of cellphones in the classroom. Cell phones can be an excellent f orm of communication, but often times become a distraction. As McDonald states, â€Å"The more a student participated in in-class texting behavior, the lower their final grade† (2013). This piece of evidence shows that cell phone use directly hurts the overall learning environment. The reader can interpret that a classroom that is cell phone based will have a harder time learning and getting the information. Cell phones distract the students from retaining the information. McDonald continues her argument by discussing the job of the teacher in this issue: â€Å"While a professor certainly cannot control for individual behavior such as daydreaming or doodling, this study presents the necessity of some type of effective texting policy† (2013). McDonald explains that the teacher cannot control a student that refuses to pay attention However, a teacher can prevent distractions such as technology from entering the classroom with policies and rules. Overall, the author expla ins the relevance of cell phone use and how much of a distraction it can actually be by giving a reliable research tool that shows how theShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Cell Phones In The Classroom1194 Words   |  5 Pagestechnology, even with the growing trend of cell phones being brought to school and used during class, our board of education must stick to the status quo, which is that cell phones should not be allowed in class. We need to disallow cell phones in class for three main reasons: they provide a temptation and distraction to students, studies have proven that cell phones correlate with lower test scores, and finally students can develop addictions to cell phones which can detrimentally affect the livesRead MoreThe Importance Of Cell Phone Bans In The Classroom773 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom using phones in the classroom or from bringing them to school. But we do know that bans like these are common-and for good reasons. 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Even furthermore, technology has changed the way education has been taught and received in American classrooms. However, technology was not always so highly advanced in American school s. In fact, a classroom in the 1950’s had little to no technology; one would find blackboards, chalk, handouts, and quite possibly a film-strip projector. However, even the â€Å"advancement† of a film-strip projector requiredRead MoreMy First Phone At The Age Of 10865 Words   |  4 Pages I remember my first phone at the age of 10, it was a small Nokia that lit up different colors each time I received a call. I thought it was the best phone I ever had till this day because it was so different from the others despite that it was a pain trying to add on a ringtone from my favorite song because I had to use the voice recorder to record the songs on the radio and set them as my ringtone. I can tell you I was surrounded by technology every second during my youth. To computers, downloadingRead MoreThe Internet Is The Most Popular Medium For Data Sharing, And Communication1586 Words   |  7 Pagesthese same prospects in hopes of a more efficient/engaged classroom. To kee p up with changing times, classrooms (K-12, and higher education) are undergoing dramatic changes in structure, curriculum, and classroom setting. The post computer generation is being thrown into an experimental learning and social environment without understanding the possible contingencies. Not only are college students being exposed to internet inside classrooms, but use it even more frequently outside of class. It is relevantRead MoreThe Importance Of Cell Phones And Driving1053 Words   |  5 Pagesuse of cell phones that they are no more conscious of what is going on around them. â€Å"Studies found out that more than 90 percent of students admit to using their devices for non-class activities during class times.† During class hours, students are busy texting on their phones while the class is going on. This has led to lack of concentration towards students therefore leading to poor academic performance. Also, â€Å"Sexting†- the act of sending or receiving explicit pictures by cell phones is more

Corporations and Business Structures Business Clients

Question: Describe about the Corporations and Business Structures for Business Clients. Answer: Part 1: Questions with clients Answers In this part of the assignment, it is required that certain questions that should be asked to the client before providing the advice. The answers to these questions will provide the necessary information on instructions. But some of this information is essential for providing the advice, other information will also be helpful as background. For this purpose, and interview has been conducted with Mr. ___________, who runs an Indian restaurant, which was rising in Indian street food. At present he is running the business as a proprietary limited company but as he is owing to expand business, he wants advice regarding the most appropriate business structure for him. For this purpose, the following questions were asked to him. Q1: what business plan was adopted by you? Ans: the business plan adopted was to start an Indian business specializing in Indian street food., I had started a small restaurant that was being done as a private limited company. Q2: have you conducted market research before starting the business? Ans: I had done extensive market research before starting the business and realized that a good demand this prison for Indian street food. Q3: what were the main strategies adopted by you? Ans 4: In order to run the business successfully, I had always tried and tested new cuisines and products for our customers. Our strength lies in the case of our products. Moreover, we have also that the strategies to remain focused on our products, service and consumer centric. Q 5: You're running your business as a private company, are you the only main officer of the company? Ans: there are two other shareholders in the company but I am independent director of the company. Q 6: How do you divide the property losses of the company? Ans: The profits and losses of the company as well as all the investments are equally shared by all the members of the company. Q 7: In the beginning, how much capital was invested in the company? how these funds were raised and did you opt for a business loan? Ans: The business was started in 2012. In the beginning it was only a 25 seats restaurant. The initial investment in the business was made with the capital of $200,000. Out of these funds, a part came from retained earnings and for the rest of the amount, a business loan was taken. Q 8: what were the factors that have an impact on your choice of location for the restaurant? Ans: As the restaurant was going to serve Indian street food, the main target customers were the Indian community. Therefore, the area with a sizable Indian population was the most appropriate location for the restaurant. Q 9: What licenses and permissions were required for the business? Ans: a number of licenses and permissions were required. For example, the food premises license and the approval of the Council for the kitchen were necessary. Q 10: What were the resources that you had, that helped in running your business successfully? as I am a trained chef, it helped a lot in running the restaurant business successfully. Apart from these skills, my retained earnings also help in establishing the business. Part 2 Relevant law In order to decide the most appropriate structure for the clients, it is required that research should be conducted regarding the laws related with companies. The term company or a corporation includes all the legal entities that enjoy a separate legal identity. In the eyes of law, a company has its own identity and it is considered as being separate from the shareholders of the company. The law allows a company to own property in its own name. In this regard, the Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth) provides that a company has all the powers enjoyed by an individual and he does the legal capacity to issue and cancel shares. The doctrine of separate legal identity of the company was provided by the court for the first time in Saloman v Saloman Co Ltd.[1] According to section 45 A of the Corporations Act, a proprietary company has been described as the company that involves shares or share capital and it can have a maximum number of 50 shareholders. The proprietary companies are not required to make any disclosures to the investors.[2] A proprietary company is allowed to have more than one director. In this regard, section 113[3] of the Act provides that the person should do apply to the ASIC for the registration of a new company and there should be at least one shareholder. According to section 119, a company is considered as a corporate body on the same day when it has been registered. Therefore in this case, the company requires the status of separate legal entity.[4] The law provides that a proprietary company is not allowed to raise funds by inviting people. Only the shareholders or the employees of the corporation can lend money by acquiring more shares in the corporation. According to section 136,[5] a company should adopt a co nstitution where all the members of the company have agreed to it in writing at the time of registration of the company.[6] It has been provided by section 198A that the directors of the company have the responsibility to manage the affairs of the corporation and to exercise the powers that have been conferred by the long the directors. Another important provision in section 128 of the which provides that while dealing with a corporation, the outsiders can make certain assumptions regarding the appointment of the directors and officers of the corporation and also regarding the fact that all the internal procedures of the company have been followed while entering into a transaction.[7] Changing Company Type Section 162 of the Corporations Act provides that the nature of proprietary limited company can be changed into a public limited company. In this regard, section 163 provides that the existing company has to file an application with the ASIC to change the type of the company. Such application is required to accompany documents like a special resolution and a consolidated document containing the constitution of the corporation. According to section 165,[8] if the ASIC is satisfied with the application, it may allow the conversion of the existing proprietary company into a public limited company and issue a new registration certificate. Under the relevant provision is present in section 166[9] according to which the conversion of a proprietary company into a public limited company will not result in the creation of a new legal entity. In this way, the rights and obligations and the property of the company will not be affected by this change. According to section 124 of the Act, a company can issue shares, debentures or options and all legal capacity and powers have been provided to the company in this regard.[10] Similarly, it has been mentioned by section 254A that bonds and preference shares can also be issued by company. Certain duties have been imposed on the directors of the companies by the law. For example, according to section 180, it is the responsibility of the directors of the corporation to excise due care and diligence. Therefore the directors and the officers should perform their duties by exercising due care and diligence.[11] Section 181[12] is also related with the directors duties and provides that the powers should be exercised by the directors in good faith and further benefit of the corporation.[13] Similarly, section 182 mentions that the powers that be exercised by the directors and other officers of the corporation properly and for the benefit of the company.[14] According to section 286, it has been provided that the company is a disclosing entity and it is the obligation of the company to maintain the financial records efficiently that should be capable of revealing the actual financial position and performance of the corporation. In this context, section 292[15] provides that a public company is required to provide a financial report and the directors report regarding each financial year. It has also been mentioned by section 295 that the annual report of the company should contain financial statements an along with a declaration by the directors of the corporation. The directors are also required to prepare a report in accordance with section 300[16] and this report should mention the distribution of dividend to the members of the company. Section 307A is also relevant provision as it provides that audit should be performed in the company in accordance with the relevant accounting standards. The auditing firm should audit of the financial reports of the corporation regarding the financial year in accordance with the relevant standards.[17] Similarly it has been mentioned in section 308 that the auditors should inform the members of the corporation whether it complies with the relevant accounting standards or not. It has been mentioned in section 250N that a public company is under an obligation to hold an annual general meeting of the company within 18 months after the registration of the company.[18] Similarly the law provides that a public company should hold an annual general meeting of the company at least once in a financially year. All the records related to the company, like the financial records, director's report or the auditors' report should be presented in this meeting. According to section 516,[19] the members of the public limited company are not required to contribute anything more than the amount that has been paid by them on the shares of the company regarding the liabilities of the company. In this context, section 519 provides that the past members of the corporation, before the conversion of the company, will still be held liable for contributory to the debts and liabilities of the corporation. A very significant duty has been placed on the directors of the company by section 588G. this duty requires that the directors should not allow the company to involve in insolvent trading. This duty is applicable only person who is a director of the company when the company is going to incur a debt and as a result of such debt, the company may become insolvent. In such a case, the directors of the corporation will be held liable for the breach of this duty. On the other hand, if the failure to prevent the company from trading while these insolvent is dishonest, the director may be held criminally liable. Part 4: Advice After considering all the information that has been provided to me in this case, and keeping in view the aim of the business to expand in future, it can be suggested that there is an option available according to which, the proprietary limited company can be converted into a public limited company. In this case, the restaurant business is doing well and therefore in order to expand the business of the company to the desired level, a large amount of capital will be needed in future. Therefore, by changing the company into a public limited company, it will be easy to raise this large amount of funds that will be required for the expansion of the business in future. In this regard, section 162 of the Corporations Act provides that the existing proprietary limited company can be changed into a public limited company. For this purpose, an application has to be filed with the ASIC under section 163 for the purpose of changing the company into a public limited company. Along with this resolution, a special resolution passed by all the members of the board should be attached according to which, the board should have passed the decision of converting into a public limited company. Similarly, a copy of the constitution of the company should also be attached with this application as required by section 136 of the Act. In the same way, the copies of all the documents that are required to decide the rights and the obligations of the company should also be attached. In accordance with section 165, the ASIC may direct the company to fulfill all the necessary changes that has to be made in order to transform the company into a public limited company and ther efore, a new registration certificate will be provided to the company by the ASIC. After the proprietary limited company has been transformed into a public limited company, there will be a number of benefits available to the company. In this regard it has been mentioned in section 166 that the conversion of the proprietary company into a public limited company does not result in the creation of a new legal entity. Therefore the existing property and the rights and obligations of the corporation will not be affected by such transformation. However in this case, at least three directors will be required for the new public limited company and out of these, at least two directors of the company should be residing in Australia. After becoming a public limited company, the corporation of the client will have the power to issue shares, debentures, securities and options in accordance with s124. Therefore, shares can be issued by the company to the public for the purpose of raising capital for the expansion of the business of the company. The success of the business plans related with expansion required that appropriate capital structure should be decided for the company that can involve borrowings and issue of shares to the investors. Therefore, in the present case it is advisable that the nature of the company is changing to a public limited company. Bibliography Andrew Gibson Douglas Fraser, commercial law, (Lawbook Co: 1st ed,2003) Andy Gibson, Douglas Fraser, business law , 3th ed, 2007 Parker, Box, Business Law for Business Students (Lawbook Co: 2008 ed, 2008) R B Vermeesch, K E Lindgren, Business Law of Australia, 10th ed, 2001. Roger Gamble, et al, Principles of Business Law ( LawBook Co: 2008 ed, 2008) Stephen Graw, An Introduction to the Law of Contract (Lawbook Co: 6th ed, 2008) Case Law ASIC v Adler (No 3) (2002) 168 FLR 253 ASIC v Hellicar (2012) 86 ALJR 522 Brick Pipe industries Ltd v Occidental Life Nominees Pty Ltd (1992) 2 VR 279 Daniels v AWA Ltd (1995) 37 NSWLR 438 Saloman v Saloman Co Ltd (1897) AC 22 Legislature Section 113, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 136, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 165, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 166, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 180, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 292, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 300, Corporations Act, 2001 Section 516, Corporations Act, 2001

Light and Darkness in Macbeth free essay sample

Shakespearean literature is often characterised by imagery. William Shakespeare uses this technique in order to give hidden deeper meanings to his pieces, as we can see in the play Macbeth. As a matter of fact, in this tragedy the audience can find many different types of imagery: plant, animal, sleep, clothing and so forth. Most of these images are associated with a human characteristic; the imagery of light and darkness is no exception. The symbols of light and darkness in Macbeth are used to illustrate the contrasts between good and evil, to explain the actions of the protagonists, and are associated with sight and blindness to emphasize drama. Being two contrasting elements, the characteristics associated with light and darkness are also opposite; light is related to innocence, truth and purity, while darkness is associated with corruption, cruelty and guilt. In Macbeth, there are many different references to these two elements, and each one is connected to certain symbols which take the form of animals, plants, day, and night. We will write a custom essay sample on Light and Darkness in Macbeth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ultimately, light and darkness represent good and evil. In the first scenes of Act I, the imagery of light is used when King Duncan names Malcolm as his successor and commends Macbeth for his bravery in battle by comparing them to stars, â€Å"†¦ signs of nobleness, like stars, shall shine / On all deservers† (1. 4. 41-12). Duncan explains that he will award those who are virtuous and dutiful to him, because they deserve it. Because of these good qualities, namely honour and devotion, the person will shine like a star, since light is seen as good. Macbeth, however, already begins to ignore these values, â€Å"†¦Stars, hide your fires! / Let not light see my black and deep desires ;†( 1. 4. 50-52) In this case, light represents goodness and honesty. Macbeth does not want his morals to interfere with his inner ambitions. His conscience warns him not to commit the regicide, but Macbeth’s ambition and Lady Macbeth’s power of persuasion are strong, and they defeat his morality. Evil, his ‘black and deep desires’, is begin to take control of him. Light and darkness are also used to illustrate life and death. On the evening King Duncan is murdered, Lennox reports that the fire in his chimney was mysteriously blown out (2. 3. 3); the fire represented the King’s life. It is also strangely dark on the morning after the night of King Duncan’s murder, and Ross says to the Old Man, â€Å"by the clock, ‘tis day, / And yet dark night strangles the travelling lamp† (2. 4. 6-7). This signifies the start of darkness taking over Scotland, but can also be seen as a metaphor for Duncan’s life being ‘strangled’ by Macbeth, ‘the dark night’. Another example of darkness overtaking light occurs when Banquos torchlight (the one that illuminates him just enough so his murderers can see what theyre doing) is snuffed out the moment he is killed (3. 3. 5). Lastly, Macbeth responds to the news of Lady Macbeths suicide by proclaiming out, out brief candle (5. 5. 3), using the candles flame as a metaphor for her short life and sudden death. The image of the candle is used to show how vulnerable life is. It does not last for a long time and it is easily blown out. Macbeth learns this at a very high cost: his tragic end. The association of light and darkness does not only contrast and illustrate, but it is also used predominately by Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, to foreshadow and describe their actions and feelings. Darkness is evidently used much more than light, and when light is mentioned, it is usually snuffed out or overtaken by darkness. This first occurs when Lady Macbeth asks thick night to come with the smoke of hell, so that her knife will not see the wound it makes in the peacefully sleeping King. She also calls for murderous spirits to prevent heaven from peep[ing] through the blanket of the dark to cry Hold, Hold! she implies that light (here associated with God, heaven, and goodness) offers protection from evil and is the only thing that can stop her from murdering Duncan (1. 5. 10-16). Later in the play, the audience can see that Macbeth does the same. After he has made the arrangements for the murder of Banquo, Macbeth tells the murderers that   Fleance his son, that keeps him company, Whose absence is no less material to me Than is his fathers, must embrace the fate Of that dark hour (3. 1. 134-137). The hour will be dark both literally and metaphorically. Literally, Banquo and Fleance will be riding after dark, and thats when they will be ambushed. Metaphorically, the hour will be dark because thats when they will meet the final darkness of death. Macbeth is asking the night to take away Banquos life, because Banquo makes Macbeth pale with fear, â€Å"Come, sealing night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day; And with thy bloody and invisible hand Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond Which keeps me pale! † (3. 2. 50) In scenes after the Ghost of Banquo has ruined Macbeths banquet Macbeth asks his wife â€Å"What is the night?   She answers, â€Å"Almost at odds with morning, which is which (3. 4. 125-126). Then Macbeth states his intention to continue his bloody course of action, and says,  Strange things I have in head, that will to hand; / which must be acted ere they may be scannd (3. 4. 138-39). Through these evil deeds, it is evident that Shakespeare wanted to emphasize the fact that darkness easily overtakes light. When one puts a bowl over a lit candle, its light is no longer seen. In the same way that sight and light, and blindness and darkness are used together in this analogy, Shakespeare uses these symbols together to amplify the themes certain scenes. When Macbeth is imagining what would happen if he was to kill King Duncan, he says that   Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Pity, like a naked new-born babe, Striding the blast, or heavens cherubim, horsed Upon the sightless couriers of the air, Shall blow the horrid deed in every eye, That tears shall drown the wind. Here, the sightless couriers of the air are the winds, imagined as invisible (sightless) horses. This elaborate metaphor suggests that pity for King Duncan will be like that kind of wind that blows so hard that it brings tears to your eyes. Another example is when Macbeth sees the illusion of the eight kings escorted by Banquo. As soon as Macbeth sees this, he wishes he that he could stop looking, but cannot. When he sees the first king, he says to him,  Thy crown does sear mine eye-balls , yet he keeps looking. By the time the fourth one appears, he says,  Start, eyes! (4. 1. 116), as though he could command his own eyes to jump (start) out of his head and make him blind. Like Macbeth, Lady Macbeth also has something that she does not want to see in her sleepwalking scene. She enters the scene holding a candle, and when the doctor asks her gentlewoman how the lady happens to have the candle, the gentlewoman replies,  Why, it stood by her: she has light by her continually; tis her command.   The doctor then points out,  You see, her eyes are open (5. 1. 24), and the gentlewoman replies,  Ay, but their sense is shut (5. 1. 25). Thus we see that Lady Macbeth, who eagerly awaited the dark hour of King Duncans murder, is now afraid of the dark, and though her eyes are open, she can see only her own memories of murder. Shakespeare uses the symbols of sight and blindness to emphasize the theme of guilt by personifying the guilt of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Much of this play is filled with the struggle between light and darkness, the epic battle of good versus evil, and the theme is enforced by recurring images and Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s relation to them. It is, however, the precision of Shakespeare’s’ imagery, which creates clear and vivid mental pictures, that gives his writing its  unique style and quality. Shakespeare teaches an important lesson through these symbols: that if we let darkness into our lives it will take over the light unless we make an effort to change.

The eNotes Blog Sylvia Fitz in Time forGatsby

Sylvia Fitz in Time forGatsby Anyone who has ever marked up a page of The Great Gatsby, youre in good company. Dangerous Minds this week posted a page from Sylvia Plaths own copy, complete with annotations. But of course, as theyre Sylvia Plaths, we inevitably find ourselves reading into them The excerpt comes from the first chapter of the novel. In it, Daisy tells Nick and company her reaction to the birth of her daughter. Heres exactly what Plath found so interesting on the page: She told me it was a girl, and so I turned my head away and wept. ‘All right,’ I said, ‘I’m glad it’s a girl. And I hope she’ll be a fool that’s the best thing a girl can be in the world, a beautiful little fool.’ â€Å"You see I think everything’s terrible anyhow,† she went on in a convinced way. â€Å"Everybody thinks so -nthe most advanced people. And I  know. I’ve been everywhere and seen everything and done everything.† Her eyes flashed around her in a defiant way, rather like Tom’s, and she laughed with thrilling scorn. â€Å"Sophisticated God, I’m sophisticated!† In the margin beside the highlighted second paragraph, Plath wrote the comment lennui. So  whereas Nick felt the basic insincerity of what she had said, Plath herself felt Daisy to be suffering from listlessness. Was she sympathetic to Daisys cynical views of the world? Seemingly, the passage resonated enough with Plath for her to mark it up like that. But should we take meaning from it, or simply chalk it up to active reading? Any thoughts eNoters?

Human Resources Labor Relations, Employee Relations, and Global HR Essay

Human Resources Labor Relations, Employee Relations, and Global HR - Essay Example The preliminary survey result will then be collated and submitted to the management which will include my professional evaluation and recommendation focusing on the major issues that the employees are facing and probable bargaining solutions as deemed appropriate. Informal recorded meetings will also be held with the union members prior to the actual negotiation so that preliminary solutions can be drafted. This way, the management will be prepared and the employees' side will also be fairly represented. This is a very important task of a supervisor because the absence of safety regulations in a manufacturing firm could mean not just loss of assets or income but employees' lives as well. The first thing that I would do is form a committee that would plan and come up with safety standards. This will include experts on the machines or equipment that are being used, operators, engineers, electricians, production managers, and maintenance personnel. The first task for this committee is to gather essential information on the machines being used focusing on the risks or possible hazards that these will cause. After gathering adequate information, general guidelines will be established. Operators and maintenance personnel will be required to keep a logbook regarding the machine usage and maintenance frequency and requirements. The information will be used to re-assess the guidelines and to come up with specific policies. A module will be developed with the help and supervision of machine e xperts and this module will be used to train all the employees working in the manufacturing plant. Everybody should be aware of proper ways to do their jobs and to ensure their safety. Periodic training should be given so that employees' competency will be assured. As the supervisor, I should also make sure that resources will be allocated properly and that the employees will be provided with complete uniform and safety gears and wearing of these will be strictly implemented. Aside from training and provision of resources, the committee will be tasked to continuously monitor and to submit regular reports about the over-all condition on the plant floor. Individual safety handbooks and general policies and procedures will be provided and safety reminders will be posted wherever appropriate. Last but not the least, formal and informal means of airing out complaints and opinions will be established and in case of accidents, everybody will be made aware of what to do and who to call. Thi s way, the employees in the manufacturing plant will have a sense of security and confidence that they know the risks involved and are prepared for possible incidents in the plant. Scenario Three: One of your plant managers will be sent to your sister company in Bulgaria for a period of three years. Write an expatriation and repatriation plan for this employee. The expatriation plan will be divided into three: Base salary, benefits, and incentives. The base salary for the plant manager to Bulgaria will be equivalent to what he or she is

Add introduction and conclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Add introduction and conclusion - Essay Example The business world has embraced Microsoft as a boon in the business word especially the effectiveness of Microsoft excel and Microsoft word, which has made business operations easier, manageable, and accurate. Microsoft has contributed to the business world and shaped the face of the modern business primarily through its major creation called Windows and such products as Word and Excel, and it also shaped the Internet and internet-related practices as people know them now. Since the creation of Windows 1.0, Microsoft has dominated the lives of people not only in daily life but also in business life. Nowadays, Windows is on ninety percent of the worlds desktops including those in offices. The creation of Windows granted people, including business people, easier and faster access to the Internet. True to what Bill Gates posits, the Internet makes the world smaller (Sparacio, 2010). Just as personal relationships are all about connections and connectedness, establishment of business relations is through connecting to individuals, other businesses, and economy in general. These connections go a mile in maintaining the thriving of the business. Thus, staying connected has its business value. I nternet is responsible for the Modern and the most advanced mode of connecting. Regardless of location, small, medium-sized and large, corporate businesses connect to one another by means of the Internet, which effectively and efficiently substitutes phone calls and faxes and often eliminates a necessity to pay visits in person. The global net allows businesspersons to organize international meetings in a form of web conferences, discuss business matters in chats, or study the companies’ profiles on networks like LinkedIn, Facebook, etc. Gate sees the Internet as the center of attention for businesses around the globe. In the years ahead, the Internet will have an even more profound effect on the way we work, live, and learn† (Sparacio,

Twelve Angry Men Intros Essay Example for Free

Twelve Angry Men Intros Essay Set in the summer of 1957, Reginald Roses play, Twelve Angry Men, highlights the importance of speaking out for what is right. Rose demonstrates through characterisation that prejudice and preconceptions can conceal the truth. From the inception, Rose presents a biased jury who is convinced of the boys guilt based on preconceived notions. However it is through Juror 8, that Rose advocates that justice and fairness can prevail over prejudice if just one virtuous person is willing to speak out. Juror 8 is depicted as the epitome of a fair and conscientious juror who is prepared to stand alone in order to ensure a fair verdict is delivered. Although the other jurors initially lacked equity, they discover their inner voice through Juror 8 and are able to deliver a legitimate verdict. Twelve Angry Men demonstrates the weakness of the jury system. Do you agree? Reginald Roses play,Twelve Angry Men, highlights not only the fragility of the jury system, but also its strength. Rose presents to the audience that it is more by luck than legal support that the accused was acquitted, therefore implying that the jury system is flawed. Initially Rose presents a biased jury who is convinced of the boys guilt based on preconceived notions. This emphasises a major flaw of the jury system, being that prejudice can obscure the truth. In addition, the jurors votes are also influenced heavily by their own personal backgrounds. This is evident in Juror 3 and 10 especially. However it is through Juror 8s virtuous motives of finding a reasonable doubt that ensured a just verdict was delivered. Juror 8 was the only person able to look past personal prejudices from the beginning, and through perseverance was able to guide other fellow jurors to deliberate honestly and thoughtfully. Thus, Rose shows the audience that the jury system is capable of securing justice.

Color Blindness in The White Boy Shuffle, by Paul Beatty Essay

Generally speaking, â€Å"color blindness† is understood to be the best way to engage racial problem. This concept is revealed and discussed in Paul Beatty’s novel, "The White Boy Shuffle". The novel portrays a young African American Gunnar’s life story that mainly focuses on his experiences and identities in different places. In the part of Gunnar’s childhood life in Santa Monica when mostly surrounded by white individuals, he is continuously indoctrinated with the idea of â€Å"color blindness† which is widely advocated by people in this community in order to alleviate racism. However, with massive exposure of â€Å"color blindness† ideology and application in Mestizo Mulatto Mongrel Elementary, the novel addresses color blindness is not a practical method for dealing with racism by exhibiting awkward contradictions it creates between â€Å"color† ignorance methodology and color detectable eyesight of human nature. Based on the encou nters from Gunnar in the novel, massively using the concept of â€Å"color blindness† will not change people and society’s perspective toward colored races. The superficial and ineffectiveness from this idea stress the difference between races. Implicitly, it is a new mode of racism. The only way to eliminate color-oriented issues is by acknowledging the difference between races and all amalgamate into one homogenous group. The novel firstly shows the idea of â€Å"color blindness† by staging of a teacher’s T-shirt, the T-shirt has words â€Å"black†, â€Å"white†, â€Å"red†, â€Å"yellow†, â€Å"brown† and â€Å"human† on it, which means that color of the skin is an ignorable fact under the definition of Human being. (28) To make this idea seemingly sound to students, Ms. Cegeny further addresses it by writing â€Å"Eracism-The sun doesn’t care what color you... ...he sacrifice is necessary. These two words indicate the current status of our society’s transformation. The process maybe painful, but the payoff will be worthwhile. The final equilibrium and balance between individuals can be accomplished by acknowledging difference without dividing races like grey harmonious elephants. These passages are based on the development of Gunnar’s comprehension and vision about colorblindness. From a believer to a critic, from a listener to a questioner, from the above discussion incorporated, this novel rebuts toward the effectiveness of colorblindness and illustrated about the new type of racism it creates. Lastly, through Gunnar’s reading about black and white elephants, advocated an idea of combing and bonding instead of dividing. Works Cited Beatty, Paul. The White Boy Shuffle, Henry Holt and Company :New York, 1996. Print.

Perception on the functionality of the school library Essay

Chapter I Background of the Study A school library is a library within a school where students, staff, and often, parents of a public (state) or private (fee paying) school have access to a variety of resources. The goal of the school library is to ensure that all members of the school community have equitable access â€Å"to books and reading, to information, and to information technology. † A school library â€Å"uses all types of media are automated, and utilize the Internet for information gathering. † School libraries are distinct from public libraries because they serve as â€Å"learner-oriented laboratories which support, extend, and individualize the school’s curriculum. A school library serves as the center and coordinating agency for all material used in the school. † Across the United States, research has shown that students in schools with good school libraries learn more, get better grades, and score higher on standardized test scores than their peers in schools without libraries. From Alaska to North Carolina, more than 60 studies have shown clear evidence of this connection between student achievement and the presence of school libraries with qualified school library media specialists. In the Philippines there is a severe lack of public libraries. Reading programs are not enough, by themselves alone, to achieve the overall and longer-term objective of making children fall in love with reading and become regular readers for life. Read-along are great in sparking a child’s initial interest in books and reading. But something more is needed to convert that initial interest into a real love of books and a lifetime reading habit. According to experts, children need at least two other things to actually adopt such a habit: (1) As much guidance, encouragement and example as they can get from their usual role models – their parents, teachers, and older siblings — and (2) regular access to books and other reading materials. As far as I know, some of the students of DCHS are using the library for past time and group chatting not for gathering information, references, and researching their homework’s. DCHS library has a low rate of students visited every day because they think reading books is so boring. I conducted this survey to motivate the students to visit the libraries and to improve their reading and writing skills, English language arts, fine arts and etc. This survey will help us to improve the library and improve the interest of the students. Statement of the problem The main purpose of this study was determined the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library. What is the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library? Is there a significant difference in the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library in terms of : section? gender? Null Hypothesis The following null hypothesis had been formulated using 0. 05 level of the significance for the present study: There is no significant difference in the perception on the functionality of the school library in terms of section and gender. Review of Related Literature A significant number of relevant literature and related studies have been compiled in this section by the researcher to provide some general basis of the design and conduct of the study. Bosah L. Eghoso conducted a survey that studied about the Perception of the library by secondary school students in enhancing success in their examinations. After the success of his survey, Bosah found a conclusion that both private and public schools relegated the library to the background in teaching and learning in recent times. Private schools proprietors do not see for expanding their finances in libraries especially when they can make their students pass their examinations through dubious methods. Dr. Zeynep Filiz, said that every two library meet the student’s information. He conducted a survey that studied about the service quality of university: A survey amongst student at Osmangazi University and Anadolu University. A total of 400 usable responses were received. About 70% of the respondents were men and 50% of responses were from Osmangazi University. About 75% of respondents had used the library more than six times, and 51% of respondents indicated they relied on the library staff when using the library. Moreover, about 35 of respondents said they intended to use the library in the future and recommended others to use the library. Sofi Zahoor Ahmad said that more than 89% rural and 90% urban schools claim existence of a library with no standard physical requirements and specifications, She condected a survey entitled A Survey of Senior Secondary School Libraries in Jammu and Kashmir India. This give her a conclusion that 89. 55% are housed in insufficiently spaced single rooms within the schools while 5. 47% are accommodated in principal offices where students always have inhibitions to go. However, a few schools 4. 97% possess separate library blocks, though these also lack the basics of a library design. No significant difference is revealed while assessing the rural-urban statistics relating to the library housing and location. Jerome Idiegbeyan-Ose said that in Benin City, do not have a library period for the students, and as a result students can never be taught how to make use of the library. He conducted a survey entitled â€Å"A survey on the Present State of School Libraries in Benin City majority of the schools investigated†. School libraries in Imo State lack adequate accommodation, materials, and funds, as well as trained staff to manage the libraries in Imo state. These are similar to what is on ground in Benin City where unqualified staff manages the school libraries. Which revealed the various libraries’ staff strength, it can be deduced that all the libraries under investigation are understaffed; Human resources in libraries contribute to the standards of that particular library. This research revealed that all the schools visited are under stocked with library materials. A majority of the schools visited in Benin City have outdated books which are very dusty, where they existed. It is very unfortunate that most of our school libraries in Benin City are staffed by unqualified staff and non-librarians, which fall short of minimum standard of a school library. Emmanuel E. Baro said that only a few library schools offer the course information literacy as a stand-alone course in their curricula. His survey entitled â€Å"A survey of information literacy education in library schools in Africa†. Results from the study revealed that, presently, only a few library schools offer the course IL as a stand-alone course in their curricula. Many library schools have not yet incorporated â€Å"IL† as a stand-alone course in their LIS curricula; rather, it is briefly discussed as a topic in related courses. Although not all the library schools in Africa were examined due to language barrier, more than 60 library schools were investigated, among them 20 institutions were found offering IL courses or a related area. This studies the researcher compiled is related to the researchers’ studies, because it is about a survey of perception on different students towards school library. It is also about enhancing the school libraries to encourage students to visit. It is also to motivate students to make their assignment and gather information in the library because one of the most fundamental areas responsible for the dwindling educational standards and fortunes in our educational system is the area of the library education and library service utilization among students. Significance of the Study The results of this study are generally aimed at providing information and ideas that are fundamental to functioning successfully in today’s information and knowledge-based society. The result is deemed significant to the academic community but mostly valuable to these groups of people: 1. Administration. The proposed study helps the institution to be more aware of what the students need in a library to develop and improve students learning progress. It also helps the administration to improve the library in the way the student’s needs. 2. Teachers. The proposed study helps the teachers in preparing classroom curriculum or seeking professional development resources. It also helps the teachers in their research to improve their visual aids. 3. Parents. The proposed study helps the parents to have a small library at home to improve the basic needs of their child. 4. Students. The proposed study helps the student to have very good concentration in their study. It also helps the students know the lesson in advance by searching the book in the library. CHAPTER II METHOD This chapter presents the research design, research subject, sampling method, research instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of the data. Research Design Descriptive research is a research that provides an accurate portrayal of characteristics of a particular individual, situation, or group. These studies are a means of discovering new meaning, describing what exists, determining the frequency with which something occurs, and categorizing information. May be used to reveal summary statistics by showing responses to all possible questionnaire items. It can provide leads in identifying needed changes and it may be used to explore relationships between two or more variables. In this research study, it intends to describe the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library through conducting this study and by having a survey on how useful a library is. In this study, the researcher will attempt to describe how students find the functionality of the school library behind the difference between the gender and section of the respondents. Research Subject This study gathered the percentage of students of the fourth year level of the Davao Central High School in relation with their perception on the functionality of the school library. The actual population of these students is seventy-five, due to a limited time and resources, by using the Slovin’s formula, the researcher would only take nineteen respondents from Confucius; twenty-four respondents from Mencius and twenty respondents from Lao Tzu to have a total of sixty-three respondents. Solution: n=N/-(1+Ne^2 ), where N(75) is the actual population, e is the percent error (5%) † =† â€Å"75† /-(â€Å"1+75† (? â€Å"0. 05† ? ^†2†³ ) ) =63 In table 1, it is indicated that the actual population of 75 (100%) is divided into two clusters which consists of 14 (19%) females and 9 (12%) males in Confucius; 16 (21%) females and 12 (16%) males in Mencius; 14 (19%) females and 10 (13%) males in Lao Tzu and a total of 44 (59%) females and 31 (41%) males. Using the Slovin’s formula, the number of samples decreased into 63 (100%) which now consists of 12 (19%) females and 7 (11%) males in Confucius; 14 (22%) females and 10(16%) males in Mencius; 12(19%) females and 8(13%) males in Lao Tzu and a total of 38 (60%) females and 25 (40%) males. Sampling Procedure In this research study, the researcher will use the systematic random sampling method. In systematic random sampling method, the researcher will conduct a survey through selecting sample members from the population according to a random starting point and a fixed, periodic interval. Typically, every ninth member is selected from the total population for inclusion in the sample population. The researcher chose this since that based in the researcher’s estimation, there are sixty percent in the fourth year level students are using the library every day. Thus, the researcher comes up with an idea on using the systematic random sampling method in conducting this research study. The researchers wrote all the names of the fourth year students in a paper and arranged by section. The researchers selected a number that he/she likes; and lastly the researcher selected the respondents every â€Å"ninth† of the names until he gets 63 respondents. Table 1. Distribution of Respondents Section ClustersPopulationSample Number NPercent (%)Number nPercent (%) ConfuciusFemale1461%1261% Male939%739% Total2331%1931% MenciusFemale 1657%1457% Male1243%1043% Total2837%2437%. Lao TzuFemale1458%1258% Male1042%842% Total2432%2032% OverallFemale4459%3859% Male3141%2541% Total75100%63100% Research Instrument The research instrument consisted of fifteen-item questionnaires that are divided into two categories (students and library) on whether the library is functional to the fourth yr. students. The respondents will respond to a five-point scale ranging from very positive, positive, fair, negative and very negative. Items on the questionnaire were drawn from literature on the normal reasons for answering the question on what is the perception on the functionality of the school library. The proposed survey questionnaire is self-constructed. In order to interpret the response of the research subjects, Table 2 will be used as basis. Table 2. Quality Index Mean ScoreQualitative Description 4. 20 – 5. 00Very Positive 3. 40 – 4. 19Positive 2. 60 – 3. 39Fair 1. 80 – 2. 59 Negative 1. 00 – 1. 79Very Negative Data Gathering Procedure This research survey had been conducted by the use of systematic random sampling method. Through this, the first 65 students in the fourth year level will serve as the respondents for this research survey. The procedure of conducting this research survey is as follows: The researchers distributed the survey questionnaire to the 63 students that has been randomly selected and ask to answer the survey. After the student had answered the questionnaire, the researchers gathered the entire survey questionnaire and thanking the students who had answered the following survey questionnaire. Statistical Treatment In this survey, the researcher used the following statistical tool to analyze the gathered data of this study: Mean. By using the mean, the researcher had been able to get the average of students’ sample population which is using the school library. Since, that the respondents are divided into two clusters, the researcher also get the average percentage of every male and female respondents of this survey. Standard Deviation. In standard deviation, it showed how much variation exists from the average mean. In short, this measured the confidence of the respondents in statistical conclusions. t-test. The t-test assesses whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other. This analysis is appropriate whenever you want to compare the means of two groups. Through the use of t-test, the researcher had been able to distinguish the difference on the perception on the functionality of the students on the school library in terms of their gender and section. Chapter III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This chapter presents the data obtained through the survey conducted, and the analysis of the data using the appropriate statistical treatment and the interpretation of the results obtained. Problem No. 1 What is the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library? Table 3 Perception of the Students on the Functionality of the School Library by Gender GenderMeanStandard DeviationQualitative Description Male2. 950. 39Fair Female2. 960. 52Fair Overall2. 960. 46Fair Table 3 summarizes the perception of the fourth year students on the functionality of the school library when classified according to gender. The data shows that the mean of male students is 2. 95 with a standard deviation of 0. 39 which is interpreted as fair. Moreover, the female students obtained a mean of 2. 96 with a standard deviation of 0. 52 that can  be interpreted as fair. Comparatively, it can be generalized that 4th year females are more aware of the functionality of the school library than 4th year boys. The table explains that the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library has an overall mean of 2. 96 in terms of gender that can also be interpreted as fair. The female students of all 4th year are aware of the functionality of the school library than the male, because the female students obtained a mean of 2. 96 and a 0. 52 standard deviation that can also be interpreted as fair. Table 4  Perception of the Students on the Functionality of the School Library by Section SectionMeanStandard DeviationQualitative Description Confucius2. 910. 46Fair Mencius2. 990. 45Fair Lao Tzu2. 970. 49Fair Overall2. 960. 46Fair Table 4 presents the perception of fourth year students on the functionality of the school library when categorized according to section. The data shows that the mean of Confucius students is 2. 91 with a standard deviation of 0. 46 which is interpreted as fair. Furthermore, Mencius students obtained a mean of 2. 99 with a standard deviation of 0. 45 that is interpreted fair. The mean of Lao Tzu is 2. 97 with a standard deviation of 0. 49 that is interpreted as fair. It can be generalized from the data that the Mencius students are more aware of the functionality school library than the other two sections. As a whole, the mean of all the 4th year students who were chosen as the respondents for this study is 2. 96 with a standard deviation of 0. 46 which indicates that the overall level of usage of the school library is fair. The table explains that the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library has an overall mean of 2. 96 in terms of section that can also be interpreted as fair. The 4th year Mencius students are more aware of the functionality of the school library than the two other 4th year sections because the 4th year Confucius students obtained a mean of 2. 91 and a 0. 46 standard deviation that can also be interpreted as fair. The 4th year Lao Tzu students obtained a mean of 2. 97 and a 0. 49 standard deviation that can also be interpreted as fair. Problem 2. Is there a significant difference in the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library in terms of gender and section? Table 5 Gender and Perception of the Students GenderMeanMean DifferenceComputed t-valueTabular t-valueDecisionConclusion Male2. 95-0. 01-0. 011. 99Accept NullThere is no significant difference Female2. 96 Table 5 shows the results of the t-test between the level of awareness of the parents and their gender. As presented on the table, the mean difference of the male and female respondents is -0. 01. Since the computed t-value of -0. 01 is lesser than the tabular value of 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significance with 61 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the students of the functionality on the school library in terms of their gender. The table explains that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the students of the functionality on the school library in terms of their gender because of the mean of the males is lesser than the mean of the females it also apply on the computed t-value and tabular t-value. The data shows that the mean of 4th year male students are 2. 95 while the 4th year female students are 2. 96 with a mean difference of -0. 01, a computed t-value of -0. 01, and a tabular table of 1. 99. Table 6 Section and Perception of the Students SectionMeanMean DifferenceComputed t-valueTabular t-valueDecisionConclusion Confucius2. 91-0. 08-0. 112. 02Accept NullThere is no significant difference Mencius2. 99 Confucius2. 91-0. 06-0. 082. 03Accept NullThere is no significant difference Lao Tzu2. 97 Mencius2. 990. 020. 032. 02Accept NullThere is no significant difference Lao Tzu2. 97 Table 6 shows the results of the t-test between the perceptions of the respondents and their section. As presented on the table, the mean difference of the Confucius and Mencius respondents is -0. 08. Since the computed t-value of -0. 11 is lesser than the tabular value of 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significance with 41 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of Confucius and Mencius students on the functionality of the school library. . On the other hand, the mean difference of the Confucius and Lao Tzu respondents is -0. 06. Since the computed t-value of -0. 08 is less than the tabular value of 2. 03 at 0. 05 level of significance with 37 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of Confucius and Lao Tzu students on the functionality of the school library. Moreover, the mean difference of the Mencius and Lao Tzu respondents is 0. 02. Since the computed t-value of 0. 03 is less than the tabular value of 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significance with 42 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of Mencius and Lao Tzu students on the functionality of the school library. As a whole, it can be generalized that the perceptions of the 4th year students are aware of the functionality of the school library. Chapter IV SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary The study is about the functionality of the school library based on the students’ perception. The respondents in the study are the selected 4th year student of Davao Central High School. The method used in this study is the systematic random sampling wherein the researcher would pick out members from population according to the random starting point. The researchers choose this kind of sampling due to the researchers’ estimation that there will be about sixty percent of 4th year student who are using the school’s library every day. Thus, the researchers will be writing all the names of the students in a paper then he/she will pick a number that the researcher likes and lastly the researcher selects the respondents every â€Å"ninth† of the names until the researcher will get 63 respondents. Conclusion After the careful analysis of the data gathered, the researchers reached the following conclusions: 1. The level of perception on the functionality of the school library is fair. Female is more aware of the functionality of the school library than male. Section Mencius has the highest mean followed by section Lao Tzu and section Confucius. 2. There is no significant difference in the perceptions of the students on the functionality of the school library in terms of their gender. Recommendation The administration should improve the library in the way the students’ needs. The teachers should give the students an assignments or projects that can be found able at the library. The parents should have their own mini-library at hone to improve the basic needs of their child. The researchers would like to recommend to the future researchers to do some related studies about the school libraries. The researchers would like to propose some that they could also conduct a study about the usefulness of the diff. facilities, and the completeness of the references of the library.

Nonrenewable Resource Nonrenewable Resources Essay

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